The focus of this work is to understand how natural and artificial visual systems structure optical images to correspond to salient environmental objects and surfaces. Prof. Malik has proposed precise, sophisticated models of texture discrimination, stereoscopic depth perception, motion perception, and grouping. Profs. Palmer and Rock are strongly linked to the Gestalt tradition in psychology, which they have begun to integrate into modern computational approaches to vision. They have made important discoveries of new principles of grouping and organization and have suggested how these might be implemented computationally. Profs. Malik and Palmer are now exploring and testing new computational theories of visual organization based on graph theoretical techniques for partitioning images into uniform connected regions. This work is supported by NSF and NIHM.